Around cable

What determines the type of network protocol? Which type of traffic is tolerant of delays, and which is tolerant of errors, and vice versa? How the quality of signal transmission at the physical layer affects the complexity of the data link layer?

OSI in the modern understanding of computer networks Evolution of computer networks from global to local networks Basic principles of the OSI model

Bidirectional and unidirectional testing. Checking the optical line at both ends with two reflectometers. Bidirectional testing using one OTDR.

Price-to-performance ratio. What accessories and equipment are necessary? The main criteria for choosing an optical reflectometer.

Intermittent defect: wait or fix? Why is it specifically a reflectometer? Pupin coils are now obstacles to digital services.

How cable branches are formed? What's wrong if a branch is? Methodology for locating the branch connection point

Signs of water presence in the cable Methods for locating cable water ingress points What if there's a fault in the waterlogged section of the cable?

Consider the primary functions of reflectometers, such as automatic detection, searching for crossed pairs, and identifying 'floating' defects.

Critical options for reflectometers: Why is this important, and how do you use it?

The noise filtering function - how to use it, when it helps and when it interferes with measurements. An important parameter is the velocity of propagation (VoP) - how it affects the measurement accuracy and how it can be determined experimentally if its value is unknown.